Ti 30xa exponents - Calculator Texas Instruments TI-30XS Multiview User Manual. Scientific calculator (44 pages) Calculator Texas Instruments MultiView TI-30XS Quick Start Manual. Using to create function tables and to play the function game (2 pages) Calculator Texas Instruments MultiView TI-30XS Quick Start Manual. (5 pages)

 
TI-30XA Calculator Tips Calculator Memory - To use the memory function, hit the STO key to store a number in either memory 1, 2, or 3. o To store the product of , hit STO ; you will now have stored in memory 1 (M1) o To recall the value that is being stored in memory 1 (M1), use the RCL button. RCL 1 . Cheap hotels under dollar60

Ans. Ans is retained in memory, even after the TI-30X Ö is turned off. To recall the value of Ans: ƒ Press % i (Ans displays on the screen), or ƒ Press any operations key (T, U, F, etc.) as the first part of an entry. Ans and the operator are both displayed. Order of Operations The TI-30X Ö uses EOSØ (Equation Operating System) to evaluate ...How to put exponents on a ti-30xa Step 3 Find the two notches at the top of the calculator. Insert a flat-head screwdriver into one of the notches and carefully pry open the top end of the case. Locate where the case is still attached at the sides. Insert the flat-head screwdriver into one side where the gap has widened. How to put exponents on a ti-30xa Step 3 Find the two notches at the top of the calculator. Insert a flat-head screwdriver into one of the notches and carefully pry open the top end of the case. Locate where the case is still attached at the sides. Insert the flat-head screwdriver into one side where the gap has widened.This video shows how to enter Powers or Scientific Notation into the TI-30XA Calculator. Example of Powers 4^6 , Scientific Notation 3.45 x 10^4 operations, settings, and memory. TI-30Xa Solar ¦ To turn on the TI-30Xa Solar, expose the solar panel to light and press !. Note: Always press ! to clear the calculator because memory and display may contain incorrect numbers. ¦ To turn off the TI-30Xa Solar, cover the solar panel with the slide ; Texas Instruments TI30XA | User Manual - Page 4 Sep 20, 2022 · It will adjust the exponent for you. o To do factorials, enter the number, then press PRB . How do you do 6.02 x10 23 on a calculator? type in the significant figures, 6.02. hit the 2nd key (top left) hit the EE button (above the #7, also X-1) type in the exponent, 23. Can TI 30x IIS do exponents? TI-30Xa calculatorScientific notation and display setting Press the "Log" button on your calculator. The number you immediately see is the exponent for the original number you entered. Assuming the base number is 10 (which it will always be on a graphing or scientific calculator), you have to multiply 10 by itself the number of times you see onscreen to reach your original number. Check your work.A reciprocal is a special power; it's a number raised to the -1 power. It's also what you get by swapping the numerator and denominator. There is a special key for reciprocals. It's the x-1 key. So let's find the reciprocal of 5. We press 5 x-1 = , and we get an answer of 0.2. There is also a special key for taking a square root.Fraction features. Conversions. Basic scientific and trigonometric functions. Edit, cut and paste entries. Solar and battery powered. One- and two-variable statistics. Ideal for general math, pre-algebra, algebra I and II, geometry, statistics and general science. Exam acceptance. The TI-30XIIS™ scientific calculator is approved for use on ...A reciprocal is a special power; it's a number raised to the -1 power. It's also what you get by swapping the numerator and denominator. There is a special key for reciprocals. It's the x-1 key. So let's find the reciprocal of 5. We press 5 x-1 = , and we get an answer of 0.2. There is also a special key for taking a square root.Calculator giving incorrect answers... It's a TI-30Xa bought brand new as part of a set for my Chemistry class. I checked the modes and it's set to degrees, so I don't think its a setting issue. Sometimes it's right: 1+1=2, 2X2=4, 4+4=8, 8X8=64. When multiplying two digit numbers it seems to move the decimal point to the left one place: 11X5=5. ...TI-30XA Calculator Tips Calculator Memory - To use the memory function, hit the STO key to store a number in either memory 1, 2, or 3. o To store the product of , hit STO ; you will now have stored in memory 1 (M1) o To recall the value that is being stored in memory 1 (M1), use the RCL button. RCL 1 TI-30Xa automatically if no key is pressed for about 5 minutes, but does not clear display, settings, pending operations, or memory. Note: | after APD retrieves display, pending operations, settings, and memory. TI-30Xa Solar ¦ To turn on the TI-30Xa Solar, expose the solar panel to light and press !. Note: Always press! to clear the ... The TI-30XA is an inexpensive scientific calculator approved for use on SAT and ACT tests, two of the most common college entrance exams, and on Advanced Placement exams. You may not take your own calculator to these exams, so become familiar beforehand with specific capabilities and limitations of the TI-30XA calculator handed out with the test. I can use either a Ti-30Xa calculator or the iphone calculator for a exam. I just need to know how to put a number to a certain exponent on them. For example: 0.693^-0.28891, how can I type that in in one of my devices? Texas Instruments TI-30XA Texas Instruments - Editorial Reviews (1) Add editorial review. www.reviewstream.com. Review: Texas Instruments TI-30XA Scientific Calculator. I just recently bought this calculator for a chemistry course about a year ago, and it has been incredibly easy to use.TI-30Xa: Exponents (Powers) and Exponentials. Calculator Expert. 37.7K subscribers. 157K views 8 years ago. In this short video I will show you how you can access the exponents and exponential...Reset your calculator to eliminate the syntax error messageAns 0.000316 or 3.16 x 10-4 2. If the [H+] = 3.16 x 10-4 and you are asked to find the pH (this is calculating a -LOG). The TI-30Xa and Casio fx-250HC are the same except where indicated. Enter 3.16 ( the 3 significant digits of the [H+] ) a. on the TI press EE key b. Find the two notches at the top of the calculator. Insert a flat-head screwdriver into one of the notches and carefully pry open the top end of the case. Locate where the case is still attached at the sides. Insert the flat-head screwdriver into one side where the gap has widened. Now gently pry apart the sides of the case. Find the two notches at the top of the calculator. Insert a flat-head screwdriver into one of the notches and carefully pry open the top end of the case. Locate where the case is still attached at the sides. Insert the flat-head screwdriver into one side where the gap has widened. Now gently pry apart the sides of the case. Texas Instruments TI-30XA Texas Instruments - Editorial Reviews (1) Add editorial review. www.reviewstream.com. Review: Texas Instruments TI-30XA Scientific Calculator. I just recently bought this calculator for a chemistry course about a year ago, and it has been incredibly easy to use.Press the "On/c" button to clear the calculator. Enter a figure and then hit the "X" key followed by another figure and then the "2nd" key to work out a percentage. This sum will multiply the first figure by the second to two decimal points. Entering "200 X 5 "2nd" and then "=" would give you 5 percent of 200, or 10, for example.The TI-30XA is an inexpensive scientific calculator approved for use on SAT and ACT tests, two of the most common college entrance exams, and on Advanced Placement exams. You may not take your own calculator to these exams, so become familiar beforehand with specific capabilities and limitations of the TI-30XA calculator handed out with the test.TI-30Xa Calculator - Fractions and Decimals Worksheet and Key. This Fractions and Decimals Worksheet (with complete Key) gives students practice to become fluent and efficient using their calculator. Students get 30 fractions to 1) enter correctly and 2) change the format. Students also get 20 fractions problems involving addition, subtraction ...A quick tutorial on how to solve logs and LN natural log of any base on the Texas Instruments TI-30Xa Scientific CalculatorHopefully youve found somethin. 1 Enter 5 and press 2nd LOG 10 x is labeled above it. That is enter 1000 LOG. ƒ To turn off the TI-30Xa Solar cover the solar panel with the slide case. Insert a flat-head screwdriver into ... Jul 13, 2015 · This video will give you a complete overview of all of the functions that the Texas Instruments TI-30XA scientific calculator has to offer: from statistics ... TI-30Xa Calculator - Fractions and Decimals Worksheet and Key. This Fractions and Decimals Worksheet (with complete Key) gives students practice to become fluent and efficient using their calculator. Students get 30 fractions to 1) enter correctly and 2) change the format. Students also get 20 fractions problems involving addition, subtraction ...Apr 24, 2017 · The TI-30 is sold in three different models, including the TI-30Xa, the TI-30X IIS and the TI-30XS Multiview. The TI-30 calculator line is ideal for advanced scientific calculations, particularly if you are a student. All of the TI-30 calculators provide a function to calculate the natural log of whatever number you enter into the calculator. Logarithmic Functions. Enter the log number then "LOG" to get the logarithm of the number. Enter the number and then "LN" for the natural log of a number. The TI-30Xa does not allow for logarithms with bases other than 10 or the natural number e. Enter the exponent, "2nd" and "10^x" to calculate an exponential multiple of 10.Each section is followed by instructions for keystroke examples that demonstrate the TI-30XS MultiView™ and TI-30XB MultiView functions. All references in this manual will refer to the TI-30XS MultiView, but are also applicable for the TI-30XB MultiView. Examples assume all default settings, as shown in the Modes section.The TI-36X Solar calculates up to 12 digits and can display up to 10 digits plus a minus sign (-9,999,999,999 through 9,999,999,999) and a 2-digit exponent. Results with more than 10 digits display in scientific notation.TL;DR (Too Long; Didn't Read) Enter the base number, and then press the carat or ^ symbol (located along the left edge of the keyboard), followed by the exponent. Enter the base number for your exponent. For example, if the exponential expression in question is 5 3, the base number is 5. Press the carat or ^ symbol, which is located along the ...The Texas Instruments TI-30Xa is a scientific calculator that features 10 digits for precise calculations. Designed with portability in mind, its compact form factor makes it ideal for pocket storage. Powered by a battery, this calculator is always ready for use without the need for an external power source.The example below will demonstrate how to input exponents on the TI-30Xa, TI-30Xa Solar, or TI-36X Solar: Example: Raise 5 to the 3rd power. 1) Press the [ON/AC] key to completely clear the calculator. 2) Input [5]. 3) Press the [y to the x] key (located just above the division key). 4) Input [3]. 5) Press [=]. Apr 24, 2017 · The TI-30 is sold in three different models, including the TI-30Xa, the TI-30X IIS and the TI-30XS Multiview. The TI-30 calculator line is ideal for advanced scientific calculations, particularly if you are a student. All of the TI-30 calculators provide a function to calculate the natural log of whatever number you enter into the calculator. LOG) TI-30Xa and Casio fx-250HC are the same for all these operations. Enter 3.16 (3 digits meaning of key [H+] ) Press X (time key) Type 10 Press xy key (can be labeled as yx key, or xy or yx. This allows you to set the next number entered as an exponent of 10) Type 4 (this is a negative exponent of The example below will demonstrate how to input exponents on the TI-30Xa, TI-30Xa Solar, or TI-36X Solar: Example: Raise 5 to the 3rd power. 1) Press the [ON/AC] key to completely clear the calculator. 2) Input [5]. 3) Press the [y to the x] key (located just above the division key). 4) Input [3]. 5) Press [=]. To input an exponent using the TI-30X IIS/B, TI-34 II Explorer Plus, TI-30XS MultiView, and TI-34 MultiView, use the carat [^] key. For TI-30X IIS/B, TI-34 II Explorer Plus, and TI-30XS MultiView users, the carat key is located below the [p] key. For TI-34 MultiView users, the carat key is located below the [x 2] key. For example: 3 4 = ?For a TI-30 calculator: Take for example the number 1.52 x 105. To type this number as it is in scientific notation, first type in 1.52. Next press the [2nd] key and then the key that has EE printed above it (it's the x-1 key). The EE means " x 10 to the power of". After you press the [EE] key, type in the exponent 5.Apr 25, 2017 · Logarithmic Functions. Enter the log number then "LOG" to get the logarithm of the number. Enter the number and then "LN" for the natural log of a number. The TI-30Xa does not allow for logarithms with bases other than 10 or the natural number e. Enter the exponent, "2nd" and "10^x" to calculate an exponential multiple of 10. The example below will demonstrate how to input exponents on the TI-30Xa, TI-30Xa Solar, or TI-36X Solar: Example: Raise 5 to the 3rd power. 1) Press the [ON/AC] key to completely clear the calculator. 2) Input [5]. 3) Press the [y to the x] key (located just above the division key). 4) Input [3]. 5) Press [=]. The TI-30Xa is one of the best calculators for 8 th graders. It performs many functions such as trigonometric functions, powers, factorials, reciprocals, and much more. The calculator is powered by a battery for your ease and convenience. The calculator is ideal for primary and advanced math, which is why you can also use the calculator as you ...Scientific notation and display setting This key is for the exponent function (exponents over 2). The second function of this key is for roots over 2. The answer for square roots will be displayed as a whole number or a simplified root. The answer for roots over 2 will be displayed as a whole number or a decimal. Example of a simplified root: Example: TI-30Xa Calculator: Using numbers in exponential notation Robert Gist 20 subscribers Subscribe 3 Share 377 views 1 year ago COLORADO SPRINGS How to enter and use numbers in exponential...TI-30XA Calculator Tips Calculator Memory - To use the memory function, hit the STO key to store a number in either memory 1, 2, or 3. o To store the product of , hit STO ; you will now have stored in memory 1 (M1) o To recall the value that is being stored in memory 1 (M1), use the RCL button. RCL 1 First, press the number you want to take the factorial of, press the “x!” key, and finally press the “=” key to evaluate it. Finding the “x!” key on your calculator will be the most challenging part of the operation. In some cases, the key is found on a secondary or tertiary function, with the symbol above the button you need to ...exponents for scientific notation. For a TI-83/84 To ensure that the number you type in remains in scientific notation, press the mode key and highlight SCI on the top line. If you keep it in NORMAL mode, the number will be expanded when you press the enter key. Lets use the same example as the TI-30, #1.52# x #10^5#. Type in the 1.52.Fraction features. Conversions. Basic scientific and trigonometric functions. Edit, cut and paste entries. Solar and battery powered. One- and two-variable statistics. Ideal for general math, pre-algebra, algebra I and II, geometry, statistics and general science. Exam acceptance. The TI-30XIIS™ scientific calculator is approved for use on ...Sep 20, 2022 · It will adjust the exponent for you. o To do factorials, enter the number, then press PRB . How do you do 6.02 x10 23 on a calculator? type in the significant figures, 6.02. hit the 2nd key (top left) hit the EE button (above the #7, also X-1) type in the exponent, 23. Can TI 30x IIS do exponents? Sep 29, 2021 · TI-30Xa Calculator: Using numbers in exponential notation Robert Gist 20 subscribers Subscribe 3 Share 377 views 1 year ago COLORADO SPRINGS How to enter and use numbers in exponential... In the MathPrint™ mode, you can enter up to four levels of consecutive nested functions and expressions, which include fractions, square roots, exponents with ^, xÑ, and x When you calculate an entry on the Home screen, depending upon space, the answer is displayed either directly to the right of the entry or on the right side of the next line.TI-30Xa automatically if no key is pressed for about 5 minutes, but does not clear display, settings, pending operations, or memory. Note: | after APD retrieves display, pending operations, settings, and memory. TI-30Xa Solar ƒ To turn on the TI-30Xa Solar, expose the solar panel to light and press !. Note: Always press! to clear the ... This video will give you a complete overview of all of the functions that the Texas Instruments TI-30XA scientific calculator has to offer: from statistics ...The TI-30Xa is one of the best calculators for 8 th graders. It performs many functions such as trigonometric functions, powers, factorials, reciprocals, and much more. The calculator is powered by a battery for your ease and convenience. The calculator is ideal for primary and advanced math, which is why you can also use the calculator as you ...TI-30XA Calculator Tips Calculator Memory - To use the memory function, hit the STO key to store a number in either memory 1, 2, or 3. o To store the product of , hit STO ; you will now have stored in memory 1 (M1) o To recall the value that is being stored in memory 1 (M1), use the RCL button. RCL 1 TI 30X IIS vs TI 30Xa. TI 30X IIS and TI 30Xa are two scientific calculators from Texas Instrument. These calculators are popular and easy to use as well as very affordable. Considering the price, you will get more than enough with either of them. Go check our article below if you want to know which is better between these best buys.To calculate logarithms with a base different than 10, you may use the following workaround: 1) Input [160] Press [LOG]. 2) Press [÷]. 3) Input [4] Press [LOG]. 4) Press [=] to complete the calculation. The calculator will display 3.6609. Please see the Scientific Model family guidebooks for additional information.Aug 17, 2018 · A quick tutorial on how to find roots or radicals, including square and cube roots on the Texas Instruments TI-03Xa Scientific Calculator.0:00 Intro0:18 Butt... TI-30Xa automatically if no key is pressed for about 5 minutes, but does not clear display, settings, pending operations, or memory. Note: | after APD retrieves display, pending operations, settings, and memory. TI-30Xa Solar ¦ To turn on the TI-30Xa Solar, expose the solar panel to light and press !. Note: Always press! to clear the ... I can use either a Ti-30Xa calculator or the iphone calculator for a exam. I just need to know how to put a number to a certain exponent on them. For example: 0.693^-0.28891, how can I type that in in one of my devices?Fraction features. Conversions. Basic scientific and trigonometric functions. Edit, cut and paste entries. Solar and battery powered. One- and two-variable statistics. Ideal for general math, pre-algebra, algebra I and II, geometry, statistics and general science. Exam acceptance. The TI-30XIIS™ scientific calculator is approved for use on ...How to put exponents on a ti-30xa Step 3 Find the two notches at the top of the calculator. Insert a flat-head screwdriver into one of the notches and carefully pry open the top end of the case. Locate where the case is still attached at the sides. Insert the flat-head screwdriver into one side where the gap has widened.TI-30XA Calculator Tips Calculator Memory - To use the memory function, hit the STO key to store a number in either memory 1, 2, or 3. o To store the product of , hit STO ; you will now have stored in memory 1 (M1) o To recall the value that is being stored in memory 1 (M1), use the RCL button. RCL 1TI-30X IIB / TI-30X IIS Quick Reference Guide TI-30X Plus MultiView™ Guidebook TI-30X Pro MathPrint™ Guidebook 1.0 TI-30X Pro MultiView™ Guidebook TI-30Xa / TI-30Xa Solar Guidebook TI-30Xa / TI-30Xa Solar School Edition Guidebook TI-30XS / TI-30XB MultiView™ Guidebookexponents for scientific notation. For a TI-83/84 To ensure that the number you type in remains in scientific notation, press the mode key and highlight SCI on the top line. If you keep it in NORMAL mode, the number will be expanded when you press the enter key. Lets use the same example as the TI-30, #1.52# x #10^5#. Type in the 1.52.Press the "On/c" button to clear the calculator. Enter a figure and then hit the "X" key followed by another figure and then the "2nd" key to work out a percentage. This sum will multiply the first figure by the second to two decimal points. Entering "200 X 5 "2nd" and then "=" would give you 5 percent of 200, or 10, for example.Dec 8, 2018 · Reset your calculator to eliminate the syntax error message The TI-30XA is an inexpensive scientific calculator approved for use on SAT and ACT tests, two of the most common college entrance exams, and on Advanced Placement exams. You may not take your own calculator to these exams, so become familiar beforehand with specific capabilities and limitations of the TI-30XA calculator handed out with the test. Jul 24, 2021 · Overview The TI-30Xa is Texas Instruments’ most basic scientific calculator. This calculator does all that a classic scientific calculator does and not much more. This Calculator is meant for elementary and possibly middle school science and math classes but not much more. It also may be perfect for anyone who wan’s a calculator for their…. TI-30xa What is the label on the "shift" key(s) yellow-shift: 2nd Where is the shift key? top left Scientific notation; entering. Identify the key used to enter the exponent. (It is usually EE or EXP, or similar.)The TI-30XA is an inexpensive scientific calculator approved for use on SAT and ACT tests, two of the most common college entrance exams, and on Advanced Placement exams. You may not take your own calculator to these exams, so become familiar beforehand with specific capabilities and limitations of the TI-30XA calculator handed out with the test. 2nd, X-1, then just the exponent (include the negative sign, if present) SCI/ENG o To change that scientific notation to a “regular” number, press 2nd , DRG , and to FLO , = , =. (FLO – floating decimal) o To multiply or divide in scientific notation, enter the first item as scientificThis video tutorial will show you how to enter exponents in the TI-30XS Multiview CalculatorFraction features. Conversions. Basic scientific and trigonometric functions. Edit, cut and paste entries. Solar and battery powered. One- and two-variable statistics. Ideal for general math, pre-algebra, algebra I and II, geometry, statistics and general science. Exam acceptance. The TI-30XIIS™ scientific calculator is approved for use on ...Find the two notches at the top of the calculator. Insert a flat-head screwdriver into one of the notches and carefully pry open the top end of the case. Locate where the case is still attached at the sides. Insert the flat-head screwdriver into one side where the gap has widened. Now gently pry apart the sides of the case. Mar 13, 2018 · Suppose you want the value y x. On most calculators, you enter the base, press the exponent key and enter the exponent. Here's an example: Enter 10, press the exponent key, then press 5 and enter. (10^5=) The calculator should display the number 100,000, because that's equal to 10 5. Before you start making a list of calculations, however, you ...

For a TI-30 calculator: Take for example the number 1.52 x 105. To type this number as it is in scientific notation, first type in 1.52. Next press the [2nd] key and then the key that has EE printed above it (it's the x-1 key). The EE means " x 10 to the power of". After you press the [EE] key, type in the exponent 5.. Pioneer 1000 5 for sale

ti 30xa exponents

One of the many functions of the calculator is solving logarithmic equations of both base 10 and natural logs of base e. Enter the base of the term on the left side of the equation then press “LOG. ” Write the value down. For example, for the equation 3^ (2x+1) = 15, enter “15” then “LOG” into the TI-30X. Enter the base of the term ...Though as I noted in another comment the TI-83 calculator (quite recent) still uses BCD. When I wrote my own arbitrary precision library I used base $10^9$, which is sort of decimal haha, but of course I used the internal binary integer and floating point to manipulate the digits. $\endgroup$TI-30xa What is the label on the "shift" key(s) yellow-shift: 2nd Where is the shift key? top left Scientific notation; entering. Identify the key used to enter the exponent. (It is usually EE or EXP, or similar.)Independent work by students - no prep needed by teacher. Just print a copy of the tutorial and worksheet for each student and watch them learn how to use their calculators well. This step by step Exponents and Roots Tutorial, with images of the calculator and the relevant keys, guides students to i... Jul 22, 2021 · Basic Arithmetic Enter the first number then press the “+”, “-“, “x” or “/” (division), depending on the operation. Enter the next number and then the “=” to complete the operation. Because the TI-30Xa performs mathematical operations in the order of parenthesis, exponents, multiplication/division and addition/subtraction ... TI-30XA Calculator Tips Calculator Memory - To use the memory function, hit the STO key to store a number in either memory 1, 2, or 3. o To store the product of , hit STO ; you will now have stored in memory 1 (M1) o To recall the value that is being stored in memory 1 (M1), use the RCL button. RCL 1Two keys can be used to enter negative exponents on the TI-30Xa scientific calculator; the [y^x] key or the [EE] key. The [y^x] key is used for all exponents while the [EE] key is used for scientific notation only. The examples below will demonstrate how to use both keys: For Example: Entering 7^-2. 1) Press [7] [y^x] [2] [+/-] [=].TI-30XA Calculator Tips Calculator Memory - To use the memory function, hit the STO key to store a number in either memory 1, 2, or 3. o To store the product of , hit STO ; you will now have stored in memory 1 (M1) o To recall the value that is being stored in memory 1 (M1), use the RCL button. RCL 1In the MathPrint™ mode, you can enter up to four levels of consecutive nested functions and expressions, which include fractions, square roots, exponents with ^, xÑ, and x When you calculate an entry on the Home screen, depending upon space, the answer is displayed either directly to the right of the entry or on the right side of the next line. Ans 0.000316 or 3.16 x 10-4 2. If the [H+] = 3.16 x 10-4 and you are asked to find the pH (this is calculating a -LOG). The TI-30Xa and Casio fx-250HC are the same except where indicated. Enter 3.16 ( the 3 significant digits of the [H+] ) a. on the TI press EE key b. Texas Instruments TI-30XA Texas Instruments - Editorial Reviews (1) Add editorial review. www.reviewstream.com. Review: Texas Instruments TI-30XA Scientific Calculator. I just recently bought this calculator for a chemistry course about a year ago, and it has been incredibly easy to use. TL;DR (Too Long; Didn't Read) Enter the base number, and then press the carat or ^ symbol (located along the left edge of the keyboard), followed by the exponent. Enter the base number for your exponent. For example, if the exponential expression in question is 5 3, the base number is 5. Press the carat or ^ symbol, which is located along the ...The Texas Instruments TI-30Xa is a scientific calculator that features 10 digits for precise calculations. Designed with portability in mind, its compact form factor makes it ideal for pocket storage. Powered by a battery, this calculator is always ready for use without the need for an external power source..

Popular Topics